CBSE Class 10 Physics Model Paper 2026: The Ultimate Revision Set
Physics is often the section that makes or breaks a Science score. For the CBSE 10 class board exam 2026, the board is emphasizing conceptual understanding over rote learning. To score high, you need to master Ray Diagrams, Numerical Formulas, and the Right-Hand Thumb Rule.
This model paper covers the entire Physics syllabus with a focus on the types of questions most likely to appear in the 2026 examination.
Section A: MCQs & Assertion-Reason (1 Mark Each)
Q1. A ray of light passes from a denser medium to a rarer medium. The angle of refraction ($r$) will be:
(a) Equal to the angle of incidence ($i$)
(b) Less than the angle of incidence
(c) Greater than the angle of incidence
(d) Always $90^\circ$
Q2. The power of a lens is $-2.5 \text{ D}$. Its focal length and type are:
(a) $40 \text{ cm}$, Convex
(b) $-40 \text{ cm}$, Concave
(c) $25 \text{ cm}$, Concave
(d) $-25 \text{ cm}$, Convex
Q3. Which of the following represents the relationship between Heat ($H$), Current ($I$), Resistance ($R$), and Time ($t$)?
(a) $H = I \cdot R \cdot t$
(b) $H = I^2 \cdot R \cdot t$
(c) $H = V \cdot I^2 \cdot t$
(d) $H = R^2 \cdot I \cdot t$
Q4. The magnetic field inside a long straight solenoid carrying current is:
(a) Zero
(b) Decreases as we move towards its ends
(c) Increases as we move towards its ends
(d) Is the same at all points
Q5. Assertion (A): The sky appears blue during the daytime.
Reason (R): Molecules of air and other fine particles in the atmosphere scatter blue light more strongly than red light.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.
Section B: Short Answer Questions (2 Marks Each)
Q6. Define the 'Principal Focus' of a concave mirror. Why is the focal length of a plane mirror considered infinite?
Q7. A wire of resistance $20 \Omega$ is cut into five equal parts. These parts are then connected in parallel. What is the equivalent resistance of this combination?
Section C: Concept & Application (3 Marks Each)
Q8. (a) State Ohm’s Law. Write its mathematical expression.
(b) Draw a V-I graph for a conductor that obeys Ohm's Law.
Q9. An object $5 \text{ cm}$ tall is placed at a distance of $20 \text{ cm}$ from a concave mirror of focal length $15 \text{ cm}$. Find the position and nature of the image.
Q10. Explain the 'Right-Hand Thumb Rule' to find the direction of a magnetic field associated with a current-carrying straight conductor. Draw a diagram to illustrate.
Section D: Long Answer & Numericals (5 Marks Each)
Q11. (a) What is 'Dispersion of Light'? Why does it occur when white light passes through a glass prism?
(b) Draw a neat ray diagram to show the dispersion of white light into its constituent colors.
(c) Name the color that bends the least and the color that bends the most.
Q12. (a) Three resistors $R_1, R_2, \text{ and } R_3$ are connected in series. Derive the expression for their equivalent resistance ($R_s$).
(b) In a household circuit, why are appliances connected in parallel rather than in series? Give two reasons.
Section E: Case-Study Based Question (4 Marks)
Q13. Case Study: The Human Eye
The human eye is like a camera. Its lens system forms an image on a light-sensitive screen called the retina. However, sometimes the eye loses its power of accommodation.
(i) What is the 'Power of Accommodation'? (1M)
(ii) A person can see nearby objects clearly but cannot see distant objects distinctly. Name the defect. (1M)
(iii) Draw a ray diagram to show how this defect is corrected using a lens. (2M)
✅ Answer Key & Solutions
Section A
(c) Light bends away from the normal when going from denser to rarer.
(b) $-40 \text{ cm}$, Concave. $f = 1/P = 1/-2.5 = -0.4 \text{ m} = -40 \text{ cm}$. Negative focal length = Concave.
(b) $H = I^2Rt$ (Joule's Law of Heating).
(d) The field is uniform and parallel inside the solenoid.
(a) Both true. This is Rayleigh Scattering.
Section B/C Hints
Q7: Each part has $R = 20/5 = 4 \Omega$. In parallel: $1/R_p = 1/4 + 1/4 + 1/4 + 1/4 + 1/4 = 5/4 \Rightarrow R_p = 0.8 \Omega$.
Q9 (Mirror Formula): Use $1/f = 1/v + 1/u$. $1/-15 = 1/v + 1/-20 \Rightarrow 1/v = 1/20 - 1/15 = -5/300 \Rightarrow v = -60 \text{ cm}$. Nature: Real, inverted, and magnified.
Section D/E Hints
Q11: Red bends least (longest wavelength); Violet bends most (shortest wavelength).
Q12 (Parallel Circuits): Reasons: 1. Independent on/off switches. 2. If one appliance fails, others keep working. 3. Each appliance gets the full voltage ($220 \text{ V}$).
Q13: The defect is Myopia. It is corrected using a Concave lens of suitable power.
Pro-Tip for Physics 2026:
Always use a ruler and pencil for ray diagrams. Draw arrows to show the direction of light. Examiners often deduct marks for diagrams without arrows!
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