10th Class Board Examination - Biological Science Mock Test (Set 2)

 Here is a fresh Biological Science mock test tailored for 10th-class board exam preparation. It is structured with clear sections and an answer key at the bottom, perfectly formatted for you to copy and paste directly into your Blogger platform.

10th Class Board Examination - Biological Science Mock Test (Set 2)

Section A: Multiple Choice Questions (1 Mark Each)

1. The opening and closing of the stomatal pore is dependent upon:

A) Oxygen

B) Temperature

C) Water in guard cells

D) Concentration of carbon dioxide in stomata

2. Which part of the human brain is responsible for maintaining the posture and balance of the body?

A) Cerebrum

B) Cerebellum

C) Medulla

D) Pons

3. The phenotypic ratio of a standard Mendelian monohybrid cross is:

A) 1:2:1

B) 3:1

C) 9:3:3:1

D) 2:1

4. The inner lining of the stomach is protected from the action of hydrochloric acid under normal conditions by the:

A) Pepsin

B) Mucus

C) Salivary amylase

D) Bile

5. Which of the following plant hormones is responsible for the wilting of leaves?

A) Auxin

B) Cytokinin

C) Abscisic acid

D) Gibberellin

6. The filtration units of the human kidney are called:

A) Ureters

B) Urethra

C) Neurons

D) Nephrons

7. In a food web, the organisms that feed directly on producers are called:

A) Carnivores

B) Decomposers

C) Primary consumers

D) Secondary consumers

8. The process of reproduction in Plasmodium (the malaria parasite) is known as:

A) Multiple fission

B) Binary fission

C) Budding

D) Fragmentation

9. Which of the following is an example of homologous organs?

A) Wings of a bird and wings of a bat

B) Wings of an insect and wings of a bird

C) Forelimbs of a frog and forelimbs of a lizard

D) Eyes of an octopus and eyes of a mammal

10. Bile juice is secreted by which of the following organs?

A) Stomach

B) Pancreas

C) Small intestine

D) Liver

Section B: Short Answer Questions (2 Marks Each)

11. State two main differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration.

12. What is the placenta? Mention its primary role during pregnancy.

13. Define 'double circulation' in the human context.

14. What are trophic levels? Give an example of a food chain and state the different trophic levels in it.

15. What is phototropism? Give one example of this phenomenon in plants.

Answer Key & Solutions

Section A: MCQs

  1. C (Water in guard cells)

  2. B (Cerebellum)

  3. B (3:1)

  4. B (Mucus)

  5. C (Abscisic acid)

  6. D (Nephrons)

  7. C (Primary consumers)

  8. A (Multiple fission)

  9. C (Forelimbs of a frog and forelimbs of a lizard)

  10. D (Liver)

Section B: Short Answers

Answer 11: * Aerobic Respiration: Takes place in the presence of oxygen. It completely breaks down glucose into carbon dioxide and water, releasing a large amount of energy (38 ATP).

  • Anaerobic Respiration: Takes place in the absence of oxygen. It incompletely breaks down glucose into either lactic acid (in muscle cells) or ethanol and carbon dioxide (in yeast), releasing a comparatively small amount of energy (2 ATP).

Answer 12: The placenta is a specialized disc-like tissue embedded in the uterine wall that connects the developing fetus to the mother's body. Its primary role is to facilitate the transfer of oxygen and vital nutrients from the mother's blood to the fetus, and to remove waste products generated by the fetus.

Answer 13: Double circulation is a process where blood passes through the heart twice during one complete cycle through the body. It consists of two pathways: pulmonary circulation (blood flow between the heart and lungs for oxygenation) and systemic circulation (blood flow between the heart and the rest of the body to deliver oxygen).

Answer 14: Trophic levels are the various steps or stages in a food chain at which the transfer of food and energy takes place.

Example: Grass $\rightarrow$ Grasshopper $\rightarrow$ Frog $\rightarrow$ Snake.

  • Trophic Level 1 (Producers): Grass

  • Trophic Level 2 (Primary Consumers): Grasshopper

  • Trophic Level 3 (Secondary Consumers): Frog

  • Trophic Level 4 (Tertiary Consumers): Snake

Answer 15: Phototropism is the directional growth movement of a plant part in response to light.

Example: The bending of a plant shoot (stem) towards a light source, like a window, is an example of positive phototropism.

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