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10th Class Board Examination - Biology Mock Test

Section A: Multiple Choice Questions (1 Mark Each)

1. The autotrophic mode of nutrition requires:

A) Carbon dioxide and water

B) Chlorophyll

C) Sunlight

D) All of the above

2. The breakdown of pyruvate to give carbon dioxide, water, and energy takes place in the:

A) Cytoplasm

B) Mitochondria

C) Chloroplast

D) Nucleus

3. The gap between two neurons is called a:

A) Dendrite

B) Synapse

C) Axon

D) Impulse

4. Which of the following is a plant hormone that promotes cell division?

A) Insulin

B) Thyroxin

C) Oestrogen

D) Cytokinin

5. Asexual reproduction takes place through budding in:

A) Amoeba

B) Yeast

C) Plasmodium

D) Leishmania

6. The anther of a flower contains:

A) Sepals

B) Ovules

C) Carpel

D) Pollen grains

7. Who is known as the father of genetics?

A) Charles Darwin

B) Gregor Johann Mendel

C) Jean-Baptiste Lamarck

D) James Watson

8. In human males, all the chromosomes are paired perfectly except one. This/these unpaired chromosome(s) is/are:

A) Large chromosome

B) Small chromosome

C) Y-chromosome

D) X-chromosome and Y-chromosome

9. The depletion of the ozone layer is mainly due to:

A) Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)

B) Carbon monoxide

C) Methane

D) Pesticides

10. In a food chain, the maximum amount of energy is available at the:

A) Producer level

B) Primary consumer level

C) Secondary consumer level

D) Decomposer level

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Section B: Short Answer Questions (2 Marks Each)

11. State two major differences between arteries and veins in the human circulatory system.

12. What is the role of saliva in the digestion of food?

13. Define 'reflex action'. Give one common example.

14. Write two advantages of growing plants through vegetative propagation.

15. Construct a simple terrestrial food chain consisting of three trophic levels.

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Answer Key & Solutions

Section A: MCQs

1. D (All of the above)

2. B (Mitochondria)

3. B (Synapse)

4. D (Cytokinin)

5. B (Yeast)

6. D (Pollen grains)

7. B (Gregor Johann Mendel)

8. D (X-chromosome and Y-chromosome)

9. A (Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs))

10. A (Producer level)

Section B: Short Answers

Answer 11: Two major differences are:

• Arteries: Carry oxygenated blood away from the heart to various body parts (except the pulmonary artery). They have thick, elastic walls and do not have valves.

• Veins: Carry deoxygenated blood from various body parts back to the heart (except the pulmonary vein). They have thinner walls and contain valves to prevent the backward flow of blood.

Answer 12: Saliva contains an enzyme called salivary amylase that begins the chemical digestion of food in the mouth. It breaks down complex starch molecules into simpler sugar molecules (maltose). Saliva also moistens the food, making it easier to chew and swallow.

Answer 13: A reflex action is an automatic, rapid, and involuntary response to a stimulus, controlled by the spinal cord without conscious thought from the brain.

Example: Pulling your hand away immediately after touching a hot object.

Answer 14: Two advantages of vegetative propagation are:

(i) Plants raised by this method can bear flowers and fruits earlier than those produced from seeds.

(ii) The new plants are genetically identical to the parent plant, ensuring that all beneficial characteristics of the parent are preserved.

Answer 15: A simple 3-step terrestrial food chain is:

Grass (Producer) $\rightarrow$ Deer (Primary Consumer / Herbivore) $\rightarrow$ Tiger (Secondary Consumer / Carnivore).