10th class, board examination, English grammar-Practice:sentence structure
10th Class · English Grammar · Board Exam 2026
Each question carries 1 mark. No negative marking. Read each sentence carefully and choose the correct answer.
Section A — Identify the Type of Sentence (Q 1 to 5)
Q1. Identify the type of sentence:
"Although it was raining heavily, the match continued without any break."
(A) Simple sentence
(B) Compound sentence
(C) Complex sentence
(D) Compound-Complex sentence
Q2. Identify the type of sentence:
"She studied hard and she passed the examination with distinction."
(A) Complex sentence
(B) Simple sentence
(C) Compound-Complex sentence
(D) Compound sentence
Q3. Identify the type of sentence:
"The old man sitting under the tree is my grandfather."
(A) Compound sentence
(B) Complex sentence
(C) Simple sentence
(D) Compound-Complex sentence
Q4. Identify the type of sentence:
"Since he missed the bus, he was late for school, and his teacher scolded him."
(A) Simple sentence
(B) Compound sentence
(C) Complex sentence
(D) Compound-Complex sentence
Q5. Identify the type of sentence:
"The brave soldier fought the enemy and saved the village."
(A) Compound sentence
(B) Complex sentence
(C) Simple sentence
(D) Compound-Complex sentence
Section B — Combine / Transform Sentences (Q 6 to 10)
Simple → Complex
Q6. Choose the correct Complex sentence for the given Simple sentence:
"Despite being very tired, she completed all her work."
(A) She was very tired and she completed all her work.
(B) Although she was very tired, she completed all her work.
(C) She completed all her work, she was very tired.
(D) Being very tired, she had completed all her work.
Compound → Simple
Q7. Choose the correct Simple sentence for the given Compound sentence:
"He worked very hard and he won the first prize."
(A) Although he worked very hard, he won the first prize.
(B) He worked very hard so he won the first prize.
(C) By working very hard, he won the first prize.
(D) He had worked very hard and winning the first prize.
Complex → Compound
Q8. Choose the correct Compound sentence for the given Complex sentence:
"As soon as the bell rang, the students rushed out of the classroom."
(A) The bell rang and the students rushed out of the classroom.
(B) When the bell rang the students are rushing out of the classroom.
(C) The students rushed out of the classroom, the bell rang.
(D) The bell had rung and the students will rush out.
Two Simple → One Complex
Q9. Combine these two simple sentences into one Complex sentence:
"He did not study. He failed the examination."
(A) He did not study and he failed the examination.
(B) He failed the examination, not studying.
(C) Because he did not study, he failed the examination.
(D) Not studying he had failed the examination.
Identify the Subordinate Clause
Q10. Identify the subordinate clause in the sentence:
"The boy who stood first in the class received a gold medal."
(A) The boy received a gold medal.
(B) who stood first in the class
(C) The boy who stood first
(D) received a gold medal
✅ Answers with Explanation
| Q | Answer | Rule / Reason |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | (C) Complex | Complex sentence — one main clause (the match continued) + one subordinate clause beginning with a subordinating conjunction "Although". Although / because / since / when + clause = Complex. |
| 2 | (D) Compound | Compound sentence — two independent clauses joined by a coordinating conjunction "and". Both "she studied hard" and "she passed" can each stand alone → Compound. Coordinating conjunctions: and, but, or, so, yet, for, nor. |
| 3 | (C) Simple | Simple sentence — one subject (The old man) + one predicate (is my grandfather). "Sitting under the tree" is a participial phrase, not a clause — it has no separate subject and verb → Simple sentence. |
| 4 | (D) Compound-Complex | Compound-Complex sentence — contains at least one subordinate clause ("Since he missed the bus") AND two independent clauses joined by "and" ("he was late for school" + "his teacher scolded him"). Both features present → Compound-Complex. |
| 5 | (C) Simple | Simple sentence — one subject (The brave soldier) + two verbs (fought, saved) joined by "and". Two verbs with ONE subject = Simple sentence with compound predicate. No separate subject for each verb → NOT Compound. |
| 6 | (B) Although she was… | Simple → Complex: "Despite being very tired" (phrase) → "Although she was very tired" (subordinate clause with subject + verb). "Although" is the subordinating conjunction that creates a Complex sentence. Option A is Compound, not Complex. |
| 7 | (C) By working very hard… | Compound → Simple: Two clauses joined by "and" are reduced to one clause with a participial phrase. "He worked hard AND he won" → "By working very hard, he won" — one subject, one finite verb → Simple sentence. |
| 8 | (A) The bell rang and… | Complex → Compound: Subordinate clause ("As soon as the bell rang") is converted into an independent clause and joined with "and". "As soon as" is removed and both events become equal independent clauses → Compound sentence. |
| 9 | (C) Because he did not study… | Two Simple → One Complex: The cause-effect relationship is expressed using the subordinating conjunction "Because". "He did not study" becomes the subordinate (dependent) clause; "he failed" is the main clause → Complex sentence. |
| 10 | (B) who stood first in the class | Subordinate clause: "who stood first in the class" is a Relative Clause (Adjective Clause) modifying "the boy". It is introduced by the relative pronoun "who" and cannot stand alone → it is the subordinate (dependent) clause. |
📌 Sentence Structure — Quick Reference
| Type | Structure | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Simple | One subject + one predicate. May have compound subject or compound predicate. No subordinate clause. | Ravi sings and dances. |
| Compound | Two or more independent clauses joined by coordinating conjunctions (and, but, or, so, yet). | He worked hard and he passed. |
| Complex | One main clause + one or more subordinate clauses joined by subordinating conjunctions (because, although, when, if, since, who, which, that). | Although he was tired, he worked. |
| Compound-Complex | Two or more independent clauses + at least one subordinate clause. | Since it rained, we stayed in and we read books. |
🧠 Quick Trick: Coordinating conjunctions (and, but, or, so) → Compound. Subordinating conjunctions (because, although, since, when, if, who, which) → Complex. One subject + two verbs (one subject, two actions) → Simple with compound predicate — NOT Compound.
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